If VPOP3 has a temporary problem sending a message it will retry it later. When it will retry it depends on how many times it has already tried to send it, and is based on the 'Sender Retry' setting in the Mail Connectors → Mail Senders → Advanced tab.
If you want to force VPOP3 to retry sending messages immediately you can either do it on an individual basis, or on a set of emails.
VPOP3 will retry the message when it next connects to send messages.
VPOP3 will retry the message when it next connects to send messages.